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M
1. All meats to be eaten, and all MAIDS to be wed.
Glia trebuie aratã si fecioara mãritatã.
Floare nescuturatã, claie de fân nemâncatã si fatã nemãritatã, arar s-a vãzut.
A MAN of straw is worth a woman of gold.
Decât muiere de aur, mai bine bãrbat de paie.
A MAN without a wife is but half a man.
Casa fãrã femeie e pustie pe dinãuntru.
Casa fãrã muiere, ca o floare fãrã miros.
Cf. It is not good that the man should be ALONE.
Every MAN for himself and God for us all.
Fiecare pentru sine, Dumnezeu pentru toti.
Every MAN has his faults.
Nu e om fãrã cusur.
Fiecare are câte o meteahnã.
Sim. Shew me a man without a spot, and I’ll shew you a maid without a fault.
Cf. Men are not ANGELS.
Every MAN must walk in his own trade.
Fiecare, în chemarea în care a fost chemat, în aceasta sã rãmânã.
Var. Every man must walk in his own calling.
Sim. Every man as his business lies.
* I Corinthians 7, 20 / I Corinteni 7, 20
Let an ill MAN lie in thy straw, and he looks to be thy heir.
Pe cine primesti în casã, te scoate din casã afarã.
Sim. I gave the mouse a hole and she is become my heir.
MAN proposes, God disposes.
Nu-i cum gândeste omul, ci cum vrea Domnul.
Una spune omul si alta face Domnul.
No MAN is born into the world, whose work is not born with him.
Omul e nãscut sã umble si pasãrea sã zboare.
Omul e dator sã munceascã sã nu-l gãseascã moartea sezând.
Remember thou art but a MAN.
Omu-i om si numai om.
The hurt MAN writes with steel on a marble stone.
Cele rele sã le scrii pe apa ce curge, iar facerea de bine în piatrã sã o sapi.
Nedreptãtile scrie-le pe nisip, iar binefacerile pe marmurã.
Sim. Injuries are written in brass.
MANY are called, but few are chosen.
Multi chemati, putini alesi.
* Matthew 20, 16; 22, 14 / Matei 20, 16; 22, 14
MANY small make a great.
Putin si des face mult.
Sim. Many a little makes a mickle.
Cf. Many DROPS make a shower / PENNY and penny laid up will be many.
My old MARE would have a new crupper.
La mãgãrita bãtrânã, frâu poleit.
Cf. Put not an embroidered CRUPPER on an ass.
You are like the man that sought his MARE, and he riding on her.
Catã Nenea iapa, cãlare pe ea.
Cf. The BUTCHER looked for his knife and it was in his mouth / You look for the HORSE you ride on.
He that cannot abide a bad MARKET deserves not a good one.
Negustorul trebuie sã aibã un pântec larg ca sã treacã prin el si bune si rele.
A good MARKSMAN may miss.
Chiar omul cu judecatã greseste câteodatã.
MARRIAGES are made in heaven.
Cãsãtoriile sunt scrise în cer.
He that MARRIES late, marries ill.
Însoarã-te pânã nu-ti trece vremea.
Mâncarea de dimineatã si însurãtoarea de tânãr sunt bune.
Before you MARRY, be sure of a house, wherein to tarry.
Cine se însoarã trebuie sã aibã de moarã.
MARRY your equal.
Sã-ti iei nevasta de potriva ta.
Var. Marry your like (match).
Sim. Like blood, like good, and like age, make the happiest marriage.
Better MASTER one than engage with ten.
Decât slugã de trei lei, mai bine stãpân de un ban.
He can ill be a MASTER that never was a scholar.
Nu te arãta dascãl pânã a nu fi ucenic.
Like MASTER, like man.
Cum e stãpânul si sluga.
Cum e boierul si sluga.
Cf. Like KING, like people.
MASTER absent and house dead.
Când stãpânul nu-ngrijeste, starea i se primejduieste.
No man is his craft’s MASTER the first day.
Mestesugul vreme cere, nu se-nvatã din vedere.
Cf. None is born a MASTER.
None is born a MASTER.
Nimenea nu se naste mester.
Nimeni nu se naste învãtat.
Cf. No man is his craft’s MASTER the first day.
Where every man is MASTER the world goes to wreck.
Corabia cu doi cârmaci se îneacã.
Cf. There is no good ACCORD where every man would be a lord.
No man can serve two MASTERS.
Nu poti sluji la doi stãpâni deodatã.
Cf. You cannot serve GOD and Mammon.
* Matthew 6, 24 / Matei 6, 24
* Luke 16, 13 / Luca 16, 13
He that is not with ME is against me.
Cine nu este cu mine este împotriva mea.
* Matthew 12, 30 / Matei 12, 30
* Luke 11, 23 / Luca 11, 23
The MEAN is the best.
Calea de mijloc e cea mai bunã.
Sim. The middle way of measure is ever golden.
Use the MEANS, and God will give the blessing.
Pune mâna si o sã punã si Dumnezeu mila.
And with what MEASURE you meet, it shall be measured to you again.
Cu ce mãsurã vei mãsura, cu aceea ti se va mãsura.
Banita cu care dai cu aceea primesti.
* Matthew 7, 2 / Matei 7, 2
* Luke 6, 38 / Luca 6, 38
MEASURE for measure.
Dupã faptã si rãsplatã.
MEASURE thrice what thou buyest; and cut it but once.
Mãsoarã de multe ori si croieste o datã.
Var. Measure twice, cut but once.
There is a MEASURE in all things.
Mãsurã la toate, cea mai bunã dreptate.
Sim. Measure is treasure / Moderation in all things.
After MEAT, mustard.
Dupã ploaie vine si el cu ipingeaua.
Var. After dinner, mustard.
Cf. After DEATH the doctor.
The MEEK will inherit the earth.
Blândul mosteneste pãmântul.
* Matthew 5, 5 / Matei 5, 5
* Psalms 36, 11,29 / Psalmii 36, 11,29
All MEN are free of other men’s goods.
Usor e a da din a altuia.
Sim. Men are very generous with what costs them nothing.
Cf. Men cut large THONGS of other men’s leather.
All MEN are mortal.
Câte flori sunt pe pãmânt, toate se duc în mormânt.
Sim. It is as natural to be born as to die.
Cf. He that is once BORN, once must die / All that LIVES must die.
Mind other MEN, but most yourself.
Nu da cãmasa pentru altii, ca tu sã rãmâi în pielea goalã.
So many MEN, so many opinions.
Câti oameni, atâtea pãreri.
Var. Many men have many minds.
Cf. So many HEADS, so many minds.
Tall MEN had ever very empty heads.
Înalt cât o prãjinã si prost cât o ceapã.
There are more MEN threatened than stricken.
Amenintarea fãrã putere e desartã.
He that loses is MERCHANT as well as he that gains.
De câstigi, de pãgubesti, tot negustor te numesti.
MESSENGERS should neither be headed nor hanged.
Capul solului nu se taie.
Either by MIGHT or by sleight.
Unde puterea nu ascultã, vulpea ajutã.
Cf. If the LION’s skin cannot the fox’s shall.
MIGHT is right.
Unde este puterea acolo-i si dreptatea.
In vain is the MILL-CLOCK if the miller his hearing lack.
În zadar bate toaca pentru baba surdã.
Every MILLER draws water to his own mill.
Fiecare îsi trage spuza pe turta lui.
Mânã apa la moara lui.
A contented MIND is a continual feast.
Inima multumitã este un ospãt necurmat.
Cf. CONTENT is happiness.
* Proverbs 15, 15 / Pilde 15, 15
A sound MIND in a sound body.
În trup sãnãtos, minte voioasã.
He that MISCHIEF hatches, mischief catches.
Cine samãnã rãutãti, iarã rãutãti va secera.
Cf. He that HURTS another hurts himself.
MISCHIEF comes by the pound and goes away by the ounce.
Boala intrã cu carul si iese pe urechea acului.
Cf. DISEASES come on horseback, but go away on foot.
MISCHIEF has swift wings.
Rãul vine iute, binele încet.
The MISER is always in want.
Zgârcitul e totdeauna sãrac.
MISFORTUNES never come singly.
O nenorocire nu vine niciodatã singurã.
Un rãu niciodatã nu vine singur.
Var. Misfortunes never come alone.
Sim. Disgraces are like cherries, one draws another / One misfortune comes on the neck of another / It never rains but it pours.
Cf. Of one ILL come many.
MODERATION in all things.
Doctorul cel mai bun este cumpãtul.
Cumpãna, nepoate, e bunã la toate.
A man without MONEY is no man at all.
Omul fãrã bani e ca pasãrea fãrã aripi; când dã sã zboare cade jos si moare.
Sim. A gentleman without an estate is like a pudding without suet / A man without money is a bow without an arrow.
He that has MONEY has what he wants.
Cine are bani are de toate.
Cu bani cumperi si brânzã de iepuri.
Cu bani gãsesti si lapte de pasãre.
He that has no MONEY needs no purse.
Sãracului nu-i trebuie pungã.
Lend your MONEY and lose your friend.
Cine dã împrumut îsi face dusmani.
Nu împrumuta pe cel ce voiesti prieten sã-l dobândesti.
Sim. When I lent, I had a friend; but when I asked, he was unkind.
Cf. If you would make an ENEMY, lend a man money, and ask it of him again.
MONEY answers all things.
Banii rãspund la toate.
* Ecclesiastes 10, 19 / Ecclesiastul 10, 19
MONEY commands all.
Paraua e micã, dar loc mare prinde.
Sim. All things are obedient to money / Love does much, money does everything.
Cf. MONEY will do anything..
MONEY draws money.
Banul la ban trage.
Ban pe ban momeste.
Sim. Money begets money.
MONEY is round, and rolls away.
Banul e fãcut rotund, lesne se rostogoleste.
MONEY makes money.
Banii fac bani.
Cu bani faci bani.
Cf. MONEY draws money.
MONEY makes the man.
Banul îl face pe om.
Sim. It is not what is he, but what has he.
MONEY makes the world go round.
Banul e o micã roatã ce-nvârteste lumea toatã.
MONEY opens all doors.
Banul deschide usile fãrã chei.
Banul e cheia cu care se deschide orice usã.
MONEY will do anything.
Cu bani faci toate.
Cu bani poate omul face orice lucru îi place.
Sim. All things are obedient to money / Love does much, money does everything.
Cf. MONEY commands all.
The MOON does not heed the barking of dogs.
Câinele latrã la lunã toatã noaptea si luna nu-l ascultã niciodatã.
De lãtratul unui câine sã nu-ti pese.
Var. The dog (wolf) barks in vain at the moon.
Cf. DOGS bark, but the caravan goes on.
The MOON is not seen where the sun shines.
Cine se încãlzeste la soare nu-i pasã de lunã.
Soarele sã-mi fie bun, luna sã o mãnânce vârcolacii.
Luna mi s-a mâniat, soarele sã-mi trãiascã.
Var. Stars are not seen where the sun shines.
The MORE you get, the more you want.
De ce ai, de ce ai mai avea.
Cu cât are cineva tot ar vrea sã mai aibã.
Cf. MUCH would have more / He that has PLENTY of good shall have more.
Like MOTHER, like daughter.
Cum e mama si fata.
Cf. A CHIP off the old block / Like FATHER, like son.
* Ezekiel 16, 44 / Iezechiel 16, 44
The good MOTHER says not, Will you? but gives.
Mama cea bunã nu-ntreabã pe copii de le e foame.
MOTHER-IN-LAW and daughter-in-law are a tempest and hail storm.
Soacra cu nora ca pisica cu soarecele.
If the MOUNTAIN will not come to Mahomet, Mahomet must go to the mountain.
Dacã nu vine Mahomed la munte, vine muntele la Mahomed.
The MOUNTAINS have brought forth a mouse.
S-a scremut muntele si a nãscut un soarece.
A MOUSE in time may bite in two a cable.
Cu muncã si îngãduialã dintii sorecutului taie odgonul de la corabie.
Soarecii si fierul îl rod.
The MOUSE that has but one hole is quickly taken.
Soarecele cu o gaurã numai, îndatã îl prinde pisica.
A close MOUTH catches no flies.
În gura închisã nu intrã musca.
Var. Into a shut mouth flies fly not.
Ask MUCH to have a little.
Cere mult ca sã poti cãpãta putin.
MUCH would have more.
Omul este nesãtios: cu cât are, tot ar vrea sã mai aibã.
Cf. The MORE you get, the more you want / He that has PLENTY of good shall have more.
He who wants a MULE without a fault, must walk on foot.
Cine cautã cal fãrã cusur merge pe jos.
What MUST be, must be.
Ce-o fi, o fi.
Sim. Whatever happens, all happens as it should.
Cf. No flying from FATE / The FATED will happen / He that is born to be HANGED shall be never drowned.
N
1. For want of a NAIL the shoe is lost; for want of a shoe the horse is lost; for want of a horse the rider is lost.
Pentru un cui pierzi o potcoavã.
Cine nu se îndurã de un cui pierde si potcoava.
Din lipsa unui cui se pierde carul.
Pentru una a pierdut Stan cãciula.
Sim. Oft times for sparing of a little cost a man has lost the large coat for the hood.
One NAIL drives out another.
Cui pe cui se scoate.
Cuiul cel nou scoate pe cel vechi afarã.
Sim. One poison drives out another.
Cf. One DEVIL drives out another / LIKE cures like.
No NAKED man is sought after to be rifled.
O sutã de tâlhari nu pot despuia pe un sãrac gol.
Mii si sute de voinici nu pot dezbrãca pe cel gol si despuiat.
Cf. The BEGGAR may sing before the thief.
A good NAME is better than riches.
Numele bun e mai bun ca aurul.
Var. A good name is better than gold.
Sim. Good name is better than a good face.
* Proverbs 22, 1 / Pilde 22, 1
He that has an ill NAME is half hanged.
Mai bine sã-ti iasã un ochi decât un nume rãu.
Decât sã-ti iasã nume rãu, mai bine ochii din cap.
Sim. Ill deemed, half hanged / An ill wound is cured, not an ill name.
NATURE does nothing in vain.
Firea în zadar ceva a face nu se osteneste, nici de lucrul fãcut vreodatã se cãieste.
NECESSITY has no law.
Nevoia schimbã legea.
Lipsa frânge legea.
NECESSITY is the mother of invention.
Nevoia e mama nãscocirilor.
Nevoia învatã pe om.
Sim. The belly teaches all arts / Hunger is the teacher of the arts.
Cf. POVERTY is the mother of all arts.
NEED makes the old wife trot.
Nevoia te duce si pe unde nu ti-e voia.
Sim. Adversity makes strange bedfellows / Need makes the naked man run and sorrow makes websters spin.
When NEED is highest, God’s help is nighest.
La barza chioarã face Dumnezeu cuib.
Sim. When the night’s darkest, the dawn’s nearest.
A good NEIGHBOUR, a good morrow.
Vecin bun ai nimerit, mare bine-ai dobândit.
Sim. All is well with him who is beloved of his neighbours / You must ask your neighbour if you shall live in peace.
Cf. A near NEIGHBOUR is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.
A near NEIGHBOUR is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.
Mai bun e un vecin aproape de tine, decât un frate departe.
Var. Better is a neighbour that is near than a brother far off.
Sim. All is well with him who is beloved of his neighbours.
Cf. A good FRIEND is my nearest relation / A good NEIGHBOUR, a good morrow.
* Proverbs 27, 10 / Pilde 27, 10
Love thy NEIGHBOUR as thyself.
Iubeste pe aproapele tãu ca pe tine însuti.
* Leviticus 19, 18 / Leviticul 19, 18
* Matthew 19, 19; 22, 39 / Matei 19, 19; 22, 39
* Mark 12, 31,33 / Marcu 12, 31,33
* Luke 12, 27 / Luca 12, 27
* Romans 13, 9 / Romani 13, 9
* Galatians 5, 14 / Galateni 5, 14
You must ask your NEIGHBOUR if you shall live in peace.
Sã cumperi vecinii întâi si apoi casa.
Atâta tine pacea, pânã vrea vecinul.
Look to thyself when thy NEIGHBOUR’s house is on fire.
La casa aprinsã si vecinul vrãjmas aleargã sã o stingã.
He dwells far from NEIGHBOURS that is fain to praise himself.
Cel ce are vecini rãi se laudã singur.
In vain the NET is spread in the sight of any bird.
Zadarnic se întind curse în vãzul pãsãrilor!
* Proverbs 1, 17 / Pilde 1, 17
Everything NEW is fine.
Ce e nou e si frumos.
Sim. New things are fair.
Bad NEWS has wings.
Vestea rea se duce ca glontul.
Var. Bad news travels fast.
Cf. Ill NEWS comes apace.
Ill NEWS comes apace.
Rãul s-aude lesne.
Vorba rea fuge mai tare ca cea bunã.
Var. Ill news comes unsent for.
Cf. Bad NEWS has wings.
Ill NEWS is too often true.
Vorba de rãu mai lesne se crede.
NIGHT is the mother of counsel.
Noaptea este sfetnic bun.
Sim. To take counsel of (consult with) one’s pillow.
The NIGHT comes when no man can work.
Vine noaptea când nimeni nu poate sã lucreze.
* John 9, 4 / Ioan 9, 4
What is done by NIGHT appears by day.
Ce se naste pe întuneric trebuie sã se vadã la luminã.
Ziua multe descoperã.
* Luke 12, 3 / Luca 12, 3
He that has NOTHING need fear to lose nothing.
De la cel ce n-are nu vei lua.
Sim. You cannot lose what you never had.
Cf. A man cannot GIVE what he hasn’t got / Where nothing is, the KING must lose his right.
NOTHING comes of nothing.
Din nimic, nimic rãsare.
Din nimic, tot nimic iese.
Var. From nothing nothing can come.
Sim. Nought lay down, nought take up.
NURTURE passes nature.
Scoala face pe omul, om si altoiul pomul, pom.
Cf. ART improves nature.
O
1. An OAK is not felled at one stroke.
Copacul nu cade dintr-o loviturã.
Numai c-o loviturã copacul nu cade.
Sim. Many strokes fell great (tall) oaks.
OAKS may fall when reeds stand the storm.
Vântul la pãmânt n-aruncã buruieni, ci pe cei mai mari copaci.
He that cannot OBEY cannot command.
Înainte de a porunci învatã a te supune.
Sim. He commands enough that obeys a wise man / No man can be a good ruler unless he has first been ruled.
He that measures OIL shall anoint his fingers.
A bãga mâna în miere si a nu-ti linge degetele nu se poate.
Cine-si bagã mâna-n miere si nu-si linge degetele?
Cf. He that has to do with what is FOUL never comes away clean / He that touches PITCH shall be defiled.
Pouring OIL on the fire is not the way to quench it.
Nu turna spirt pe foc.
Nu mai turna foc peste para aprinsã.
If you would not live to be OLD, you must be hanged when you are young.
Cine nu vrea sã îmbãtrâneascã, sã se spânzure.
Never too OLD to learn.
Nu e omul niciodatã bãtrân, când e vorba de învãtãturã.
A învãta nicicând nu e târziu.
Cf. LIVE and learn.
None so OLD that he hopes not for a year of life.
Omul cât sã-mbãtrâneascã, tot cere sã mai trãiascã.
OLD men are twice children.
Omul când îmbãtrâneste, copilãreste.
Though OLD and wise, yet still advise.
Si trecut fiind în vârstã nu vei gresi ascultând.
ONE and none is all one.
Unul ca nici unul.
Unul singur ca nici unul.
Sim. One is no number.
ONE does the scathe, and another has the scorn.
Unul face si altul trage.
OPPORTUNITY makes the thief.
Ocazia face pe hot.
Prilejul te face hot.
Sim. Ease makes thief / The hole calls the thief.
Cf. An open DOOR may tempt a saint / The back DOOR robs the house.
OPPRESSION makes a wise man mad.
Asuprirea poate sã facã nebun pe un întelept.
* Ecclesiastes 7, 7 / Ecclesiastul 7, 7
An OUNCE of fortune is worth a pound of forecast.
Mai bine un dram de noroc decât un car de minte.
La un car de minte trebuie douã de noroc.
Var. An ounce of good fortune is worth a pound of discretion.
An old OX makes a straight furrow.
Boii bãtrâni fac brazda dreaptã.
An OX is taken by the horns, and a man by the tongue.
Boul se leagã de coarne si omul de limbã.
Boii se leagã cu funia, si oamenii cu vorba.
Sim. Words bind men.
Muzzle not the OXEN’s mouth.
Sã nu legi gura dobitocului ce treierã.
Vitei care treierã nu i se leagã gura.
Boul nu treierã cu gura legatã.
Should = ar trebui (sfat, recomandare)– [şud]
Affirmative
I should take a rest today.
Ar trebui sa ma odihnesc azi.
You should visit your parents more often.
Ar trebui sa-i vizitezi pe parintii tai mai des.
He should leave right now.
El ar trebui sa plece chiar acum.
She should be more polite.
Ea ar trebui sa fie mai politicoasa.
We should meet our friends more often.
Ar trebui sa ne intalnim cu prietenii nostri mai des.
You should talk to your sister.
Tu ar trebui sa vorbesti cu sora ta.
They should spend their holiday abroad.
Ei ar trebui sa-si petreaca vacanta in strainatate.
to take a rest/to have a rest = a se odihni
right now = chiar acum
polite[pălait] = politicos
abroad [ă’bro:d] = in strainatate
Interrogative
Should I take a rest today?
Ar trebui sa ma odihnesc azi?
Should you visit your parents more often?
Ar trebui sa-i vizitezi pe parintii tai mai des?
Should heleave right now?
El ar trebui sa plece chiar acum?
Should she be more polite?
Ea ar trebui sa fie mai politicoasa?
Should we meet our friends more often?
Ar trebui sa ne intalnim cu prietenii nostri mai des?
Should you talk to your sister?
Tu ar trebui sa vorbesti cu sora ta?
Should they pend their holiday abroad?
Ei ar trebui sa-si petreaca vacanta in strainatate?
I should not take a rest today.
I shouldn’t take a rest today.
You should not visit your parents more often.
You shouldn’t visit your parents more often.
He should not leave right now.
He shouldn’t leave right now.
She should not be more polite.
She shouldn’t be more polite.
We should not meet our friends more often.
We shouldn’t meet our friends more often.
You should not talk to your sister.
You shouldn’t not talk to your sister.
They should not spend their holiday abroad.
They shouldn’t not spend their holiday abroad.
Subject Pronoun
D/Ac
Possessive Adjective
Possessive Pronoun
I
me
Myhouse
It’s mine
You
you
Yourhouse
It’s yours
He
him
Hishouse
It’s his
She
her
Herhouse
It’s hers
It
it
Its house
It’s its
We
us
Ourhouse
It’s ours
You
you
Yourhouse
It’s yours
They
them
Theirhouse
It’s theirs
Prepositions (II)
near=next to=beside
I am sitting next to you.
I am sitting beside you.
behind=at the back of =in spatele
Tha garage is behind the house.
The garage is at the back of the house
in front of
The garden is in front of the house.
ahead of
We had many cars ahead of us.
She has a wonderful career ahead of her.
along
He is walking along the road.
along with
I am studying history along with geography.
together with
I am together with my friends.
The bear is together with its cubs. – Ursul este impreuna cu puii sai.
with
I am staying with my parents at a nice hotel.
without
I can’t do without your help.
over/above
The picture is over the fireplace.
The sky is above us.
under/below/beneath
The cat is under the table.
There are 3 degrees C below zero.
The fish is swimming beneath the water.
for
The present is for my sister.
I have known her for2 years.
from
Where are you from?
I am from London.
About
They are talking about the weather.
He will arrive atabout 8 o’clock.
around
We have a beautiful garden around the house.
He will arrive around8 o’clock.
To listen to
I am listening to music.
I am listening to the news on the radio.
They are listening to their teacher.
What are you listening to?
Who are they listening to?
To wait for (sb./sth)
He is waiting for the bus.
She is waiting for her friends.
What is he waiting for?
Who is she waiting for?
To look at
I am looking at the pictures.
What are you looking at?
To look for
He is looking for his glasses.
What is he looking for?
To look after (to take care of)
My mother is looking after my children.
Who is looking after your children?
To speak about
The teacher is speaking about the environment.
What is the teacher speaking about?
To speak to
The teacher is speaking to the students.
Who is the teacher speaking to?
To talk about
They are talking about next week’s party.
What are they talking about?
To talk to
My mother is talking to her friend.
Who is your mother talking to?
To complain about
They are complaining about the weather.
What are they complaining about?
To worry about
She is worried about her health.
What is she worried about?
To think of/about
I am thinking of my friends.
I am thinking about my holiday.
Who are you thinking of?
What are you thinking about?
SOME, ANY, NO
Af. There are some books on the table./Sunt niste carti pe masa.
Some– se foloseste pt. afirmativ
Int. Are there any books on the table?/Sunt (se afla) niste carti pe masa?
any– se foloseste pt. interogativ si negativ
Neg. There aren’t any books on the table./Nu sunt (niste) carti pe masa
There are no books on the table./Nu sunt (niste) carti pe masa
no– se foloseste pt. negativ (nu se mai pune « not » )
*You can take any book you want/Poti lua orice carte vrei.
any folosit afirmativ inseamna “orice”
* Can I have some milk, please?/Imi dati va rog, niste lapte?
some- se foloseste la interogativ pt. o rugaminte politicoasa (este de fapt o falsa intrebare)
SOMETHING, ANYTHING, NOTHING
Af. There is something on the table./Este (se afla) ceva pe masa .
Something– se foloseste pt. afirmativ
Int. Is there anything on the table?/Este (se afla) ceva pe masa?
anything- se foloseste pt. interogativ si negativ
Neg. There isn’t anything on the table./Nu este (nu se afla) nimic pe masa.
There is nothing on the table./Nu este (nu se afla) nimic pe masa.
nothing– se foloseste pt. negativ (nu se mai pune « not » )
*You can take anything you want/Poti lua orice carte vrei.
anything folosita afirmativ inseamna “orice”
4. DIATEZA PASIVA (PASSIVE VOICE)
Active Passive
He helps. (El ajută) He is helped. (El este ajutat)
He has helped. He has been helped He helped. He was helped.
He will help. He will be helped.
5. PRONUMELE (PRONOUNS)
# Pronume personale cu funcţie de subiect (Subject pronouns [sΛbd3ekt] [prounauns]/ [sabgect pronauns]:
I [ai] = eu She [∫i:] / [şii] = ea
You [ju:] / [iuu] = tu It [it] = el/ea pentru obiecte sau elemente din natură
He [hi:] / [hii] = el We [wi: ] / [uii] = noi
You [ju:] / [iuu] = voi They [ðei] / [zei] = ei/ele
# Pronume personale cu funcţie de complement (Object [obd3ekt]/ [obgect] pronouns)
Me [mi: ] / [mii] = pe mine, mie
Her [hər] / [hăr] = pe ea, ei
You [ju:] / [iuu] = pe tine, ţie
It [it] = pe el/ea, lui/ei
Him [him] = pe el, lui
Us [Λs] / [as] = pe noi, nouă
You [ju:] / [iuu] = pe voi, vouă
Them [ðem] /[zem] = pe ei/ele, lor
# Pronume posesive (Possessive pronouns):
Mine [main] = al meu
Hers [hərz] / [hărz] = al ei
Yours [jo:rz] / [iorz] = al tău
its [its] / [iţ] = al lui/ei
His [hiz] = al lui
Ours [auərz] / [auărz]= al nostrum
Yours [jo:rz] / [iorz] = al vostru
Theirs [ðeəz] / [zeărz] = al lor
# this şi that
Singular:
this [ði:s] / [ziis] = acesta
that [ðæt] / [ze-at] = acela
Plural
These [ðiz] / [ziz] = acestea
those [ðous ] / [zous] = acelea
# one, ones [wΛn] / [uan]
I like that one = Îmi place aceea.
I don’t like the blue ones= Nu-mi plac cele albastre.
Exerciţiu: Completaţi propoziţiile cu pronumele corespunzătoare:
……..am reading a book.
………is writing his homework.
………are going to the cinema.
………is my house.
………house is ……..`
6. ARTICOLUL (THE ARTICLE)
# Articolul hotărât (the definite article) – the
# Articolul nehotărât (the indefinite article) – a – în faţa consoanelor
- an - în faţa vocalelor
7. PLURALUL SUBSTANTIVELOR (PLURAL NOUNS)
În limba engleză pluralul substantivelor se formează prin adăugarea unui “s” la forma de singural, aşa cum vom vedea mai târziu. Mai jos vom vedea doar câteva exemple de substantive neregulate.
Man [mæn] / [me-an] – men [men] = bărbat
Woman [wumən] / [umăn] – women [wimin] / [uimin] = femeie Child [t∫aild] / [ciaild] – children [t∫ildrən] = copil Tooth [tu:θ] / [tuus] – teeth [ti:θ] / [tiis] = dinte
Mouse [maus] – mice [mais] = şoarece
Foot [fut] – feet [fi:t] / [fiit] = picior (de la gleznă în jos)
8. ORDINEA ADJECTIVELOR (ORDER OF ADJECTIVES)
În limba engleză adjectivul se aşază înaintea substantivului:
A beautiful girl. O fată frumoasă.
Beautiful [bju:təful] / [biutăful] = frumos
Girl [gərl] / [gărl] = fată
Când avem două sau mai multe adjective (poziţia 1 – cel mai departe de substantiv)
Poziţia: 1. Unul sau mai multe din următoarele tipuri de adjective:
1a Opinie: beautiful
1b Mărime: large [lard3] / [largi] = lung
1c Vârstă: old [ould] = bătrân
1d Formă: round [raund] = rotund
1e Temperatură: cold [kould]/ [could] = rece
Poziţia:
2. Culori: green [gri:n] / [griin] (verde), blue [blu:] / [bluu] (albastru)
plastic
3. Materialul (din ce este făcut): wooden [wudən] / [uudăn] = din lemn;
4. Scop (pentru ce este): a running shoe [ə rΛniŋ ∫u:] / [ ă raning şuu] = un
pantof pentru alergat
5. Substantivul
1c
3
4
5
An old,
leather, (din
piele)
football
boot (bocanc)
1c
2
3
4
5
Some
(nou),
new
orange
(portocaliu),
lycra,
cycling
shorts
1a
2
3
5
A beautiful,
green,
silk (mătase)
shirt
EVERY, EVERYTHING
I go to the office every day./Merg la birou in fiecare zi.
I will bring you everything you want./iti voi adduce tot ce vrei
You can’t buy everything you want/Nu poti cumpara tot ce vrei
EVERYBODY, EVERYONE, EVERYWHERE
Everybody will appreciate your work./Toata lumea iti va aprecia munca.
Everyone will agree with us./Toata lumea va fi de accord cu noi.
You can travel everywhere you want if you have enough money.Poti calatori oriunde (peste tot unde)vrei daca ai bani suficienti .
ENOUGH
enough[i’naf]=destul, sufficient
I have enough money/Am bani destui
I don’t have enough money./nu am bani destui.
I have enough money to buy a new car ./Am bani suficienti sa cumpar o masina noua.
I don’t have enough money to buy a new house/Nu am bani suficienti sa cumpar o casa noua.
He has enough money to travel abroad./el are bani destui sa calatoreasca in strainatate.
She doesn’t have enough money to travel abroad./Ea nu are bani destui sa calatoreasca in strainatate.
I hope that we will have enough money to travel abroad next year./Sper ca noi vom avea bani destui sa calatorim in strainatate anul viitor.